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A New Zealand Startup Is Using Microbes to Suck Solid Gold Out of E-Waste
As our reliance on tech increases, there’s a growing need to reduce e-waste while conserving metals vital to building tech products. The solution may lie in the tiniest of organisms: microbes. These microscopic life forms can extract metals such as cobalt, gold, and platinum from the devices we toss into landfills.
“Microbes can facilitate some processes that would otherwise require high temperatures and other extreme conditions,” says Anna Kaksonen, who leads the Biotechnology and Synthetic Biology Group of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australia’s national science research agency. “In some cases, they provide a more sustainable alternative than traditional pyrometallurgical
The world produces 50 million tons of e-waste each year — equivalent to 4,500 Eiffel Towers or 125,000 jumbo jets — from old computers, discarded screens, broken smartphones, and damaged tablets. E-waste is the fastest growing waste stream in the world, but it also holds metals crucial to tech that could soon become short in supply.
As our reliance on tech increases, there’s a growing need to reduce e-waste while conserving metals vital to building tech products. The solution may lie in the tiniest of organisms: microbes. These microscopic life forms can extract metals such as cobalt, gold, and platinum from the devices we toss into landfills.
“Microbes can facilitate some processes that would otherwise require high temperatures and other extreme conditions,” says Anna Kaksonen, who leads the Biotechnology and Synthetic Biology Group of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australia’s national science research agency. “In some cases, they provide a more sustainable alternative than traditional pyrometallurgical
The world produces 50 million tons of e-waste each year — equivalent to 4,500 Eiffel Towers or 125,000 jumbo jets — from old computers, discarded screens, broken smartphones, and damaged tablets. E-waste is the fastest growing waste stream in the world, but it also holds metals crucial to tech that could soon become short in supply.
As our reliance on tech increases, there’s a growing need to reduce e-waste while conserving metals vital to building tech products. The solution may lie in the tiniest of organisms: microbes. These microscopic life forms can extract metals such as cobalt, gold, and platinum from the devices we toss into landfills.
“Microbes can facilitate some processes that would otherwise require high temperatures and other extreme conditions,” says Anna Kaksonen, who leads the Biotechnology and Synthetic Biology Group of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australia’s national science research agency. “In some cases, they provide a more sustainable alternative than traditional pyrometallurgical
The world produces 50 million tons of e-waste each year — equivalent to 4,500 Eiffel Towers or 125,000 jumbo jets — from old computers, discarded screens, broken smartphones, and damaged tablets. E-waste is the fastest growing waste stream in the world, but it also holds metals crucial to tech that could soon become short in supply.
As our reliance on tech increases, there’s a growing need to reduce e-waste while conserving metals vital to building tech products. The solution may lie in the tiniest of organisms: microbes. These microscopic life forms can extract metals such as cobalt, gold, and platinum from the devices we toss into landfills.
“Microbes can facilitate some processes that would otherwise require high temperatures and other extreme conditions,” says Anna Kaksonen, who leads the Biotechnology and Synthetic Biology Group of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australia’s national science research agency. “In some cases, they provide a more sustainable alternative than traditional pyrometallurg
Pyrometallurgy applies heat to recover metals, while hydrometallurgy uses chemicals. Bioleaching, meanwhile, employs microbes to do the job. It isn’t a novel technique — mining operators use it to extract metals from ores — but it isn’t widely used in e-waste recycling yet because it’s typically slower than conventional extraction and can’t recover as much metal as other methods. However, it holds promise as a greener process for rescuing e-waste, since heat-based methods use a lot of energy and release dangerous gases, and chemical methods produce toxic waste streams.
New Zealand-based startup Mint Innovation is one company attempting to bring microbes to the mainstream. “It came out of the idea that microbes can take a waste product and turn it into something valuable,” says Thomas Hansen, the company’s commercial manager. “Electronics have a lot of waste, so what if we could get precious metals out of them? What if we could get gold out of electronic waste?” Co-founder and CEO Will Barker previously worked at LanzaTech, a company that uses bacteria to turn factory carbon emissions into fuel that is also based in New Zealand, where waste minimization is a priority.
The company starts its gold-retrieving process by grinding printed circuit boards, RAM sticks, processors, and other metal-bearing parts of electronic devices into a sand-like powder, which goes through a leaching process that produces a liquid with all the metals dissolved in it.
“We first dissolve all the reactive base metals — such as iron, copper, and aluminum — and recover them through various processes. We use electrolysis to get copper out, for example,” Hansen says, referring to the process of using electric current to extract metals.
After that, they use microbes to extract more precious metals. “Once the base metals are out, it’s easier to get gold,” explains Hansen. “Gold is challenging to deal with chemically because it’s unreactive — it’s the last metal that gets dissolved and the first to fall out of solutions.”
The team adds aqua regia (Latin for “royal water”), a mixture of acids strong enough to dissolve gold — to the solution, then it adds the key ingredient: Cupriavidus metallidurans microbes. These tiny organisms act as a sponge, sucking up and absorbing the dissolved gold.
Next, the solution is passed through a centrifuge, which spins out the gold-heavy microbes to produce a purplish goo. “Because gold becomes purple on a nanoparticle level, you get this stuff that looks a bit like Silly Putty, with a few impurities but mainly the organic structures of the microbes and the gold,” says Hansen. This organic matter is burned off, leaving a metallic ash that undergoes traditional metallurgical processes to turn it into solid gold.
Gold is just the tip of the precious-metals iceberg. “The microbes have an affinity for other metals such as palladium, platinum, and rhodium,” Hansen says. “We want to look at not just e-waste, but any waste stream with valuable metals in it like incinerator ash from municipal waste. That might mean using different microbes or slightly changing our chemistry.”
Researchers elsewhere are already experimenting with different organisms and approaches. A team at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) use Gluconobacter oxydans bacteria, which produce organic acids that dissolve rare earth elements, for bioleaching. Meanwhile, researchers at the National University of Singapore (NUS) use Chromobacterium violaceum bacteria, which are capable of producing hydrogen cyanide. When placed in a solution containing gold, these bacteria bind to gold atoms and grab them.
A key difference in these approaches is that, while the INL and NUS researchers only use microbes for bioleaching, Mint Innovation uses chemicals too.
“Our understanding is that Mint Innovation is not actually using bioleaching, but rather conventional chemical leaching to extract metals from e-waste into solution, and then using microorganisms to selectively recover target metals from the aqueous metal mixture,” says Yoshiko Fujita, a senior scientist at INL. “Our research has focused on using organic acids produced by microbes from agricultural waste.” These organic acids act as a liquid medium to selectively extract metals, removing the need for additional chemicals.
The INL team has applied their approach to lithium-ion batteries, recovering cobalt, nickel, and manganese. Their ultimate goal is to support private companies who want to adopt their technology on a commercial scale, so they’re looking into ways to make it profitable.
Mint Innovation is looking to build “biorefinery” plants in cities, working with local recyclers to collect e-waste, recover metals, and make them available for reuse. The company has a pilot plant in Auckland, testing its processes on recycled IT equipment. Scaling up and going global may prove difficult, however: Alex Payne, a publicist for New Jersey-based recycling company TerraCycle, cautions that, “it may be difficult for companies to adapt to new regulations and navigate the intricacies of local environmental policies when attempting to build a physical recycling plant.”
And because it’s still partially reliant on chemical leaching, Mint Innovation must still figure out how to recycle its chemicals in addition to reducing waste and driving down its energy use.
There are kinks to work out, but the company’s closed-loop system — “the ideal recycling process in terms of supply chain sustainability,” says Payne — could be very valuable if it’s as efficient as advertised. The hope is that it’ll encourage others to prioritize recycling e-waste, too.
“With our solution, we can pay recyclers more money for the waste, then they generate more revenue from their recycling activities,” says Hansen from Mint. They’re incentivized to recycle more, and if we can incentivize better behaviors, then we can do a lot of good.”
Brands Doing Good Series: TerraCycle
Brands Doing Good Series: TerraCycle
Recycling company works with brands to turn garbage into new products
GU Energy Labs Launches Boon: A Line of Healthy Snacks for Daily Life
你在用的美妆产品,可能正在“拯救”世界!
Is The Body Shop Cruelty-Free and Vegan?
Vegan Body Care – The Body Shop
- Aloe Multi-Use Soothing Gel
- British Rose Body Yogurt
- British Rose Exfoliating Soap
- British Rose Hand Wash
- Coconut Oil Brilliantly Nourishing Pre-Shampoo Hair Oil
- Coconut Soap
- Fuji Green Tea™ Body Lotion
- Fuji Green Tea™ Exfoliating Soap
- Fuji Green Tea™ Hand Cream
- Mango Hand Cream
- Mango Soap
- Moringa Body Yogurt
- Moringa Hand Cream
- Moringa Soap
- Olive Soap
- Peppermint Cooling Foot Spray
- Peppermint Reviving Pumice Foot Scrub
- Pink Grapefruit Body Yogurt
- Pink Grapefruit Hand Cream
- Pink Grapefruit Hand Wash
- Pink Grapefruit Soap
- Satsuma Hand Cream
- Shea Exfoliating Sugar Body Scrub
- Shea Shower Cream
- Shea Soap
- Spa of the World™ Balkan Juniper Hand Wash
- Spa Of The World™ Brazilian Cupuaçu Exfoliating Scrub-in-Oil
- Spa Of The World™ French Lavender Massage Oil
- Spa Of The World™ Japanese Camellia Cream
- Spa Of The World™ Polynesian Monoi Radiance Oil
- Spa of the World™ Tahitian Tiaré Hand Wash
- Spa of the World™ Thai Makrut Lime Firming Oil
- Strawberry Bath Bomb
- Strawberry Hand Cream
- Strawberry Soap
- Wild Argan Oil Hand Cream
- Wild Argan Oil Soap
- White Musk® Body Cream
Vegan Skin Care – The Body Shop
- 100% Natural Shea Butter
- Aloe Calm Hydration Sheet Mask
- Aloe Multi-Use Soothing Gel
- Aloe Soothing Day Cream
- Aloe Soothing Eye & Lip Contour Care
- Aloe Soothing Night Cream
- Arber Aftershave Balm
- British Rose Petal-Soft Gel Toner
- Carrot Cream Nature Rich Daily Moisturizer
- Chamomile Gentle Eye Makeup Remover
- Chamomile Silky Cleansing Makeup Remover Oil
- Chamomile Sumptuous Cleansing Butter
- Coco Calming Face Mist
- Drops of Youth™ Eye Concentrate
- Drops of Youth™ Youth Bouncy Eye Mask
- Drops Of Youth™ Youth Concentrate
- Drops of Youth™ Youth Concentrate Sheet Mask
- Drops Of Youth™ Youth Essence Lotion
- Drops of Youth™ Youth Liquid Peel
- Elderflower Cooling Eye Gel
- Hemp Overnight Nourishing Rescue Mask
- Himalayan Charcoal Purifying Glow Mask
- Japanese Matcha Tea Pollution Clearing Mask
- Japanese Matcha Tea Pollution Clearing Mask Packette
- Kistna Aftershave Balm
- Maca Root & Aloe Post-Shave Water-Gel For Men
- Mandarin Energizing Face Mist
- Mediterranean Almond Milk with Oats Instant Soothing Mask
- Mint Mattifying Face Mist
- Oils Of Life™ Eye Cream Gel
- Oils Of Life™ Intensely Revitalizing Cream
- Roots of Strength™ Firming Shaping Day Cream
- Roots of Strength™ Firming Shaping Essence Lotion
- Roots of Strength™ Firming Shaping Serum
- Rose Dewy Glow Face Mist
- Seaweed Deep Cleansing Gel Wash
- Seaweed Oil Balancing Toner
- Seaweed Oil-Control Gel Cream
- Seaweed Oil-Control Gel Cream SPF 15
- Seaweed Pore-Cleansing Exfoliator
- Tea Tree Anti-Imperfection Night Mask
- Tea Tree Anti-Imperfection Peel-Off Mask
- Tea Tree Hand Wash
- Tea Tree Mattifying Lotion
- Tea Tree Night Lotion
- Tea Tree Oil
- Tea Tree Skin Clearing Clay Mask
- Tea Tree Skin Clearing Facial Wash
- Tea Tree Skin Clearing Foaming Cleanser
- Tea Tree Skin Clearing Mattifying Toner
- Tea Tree Squeaky-Clean Exfoliating Face Scrub
- Vitamin C Daily Glow Cleansing Polish
- Vitamin C Energizing Face Mist
- Vitamin C Glow Boosting Microdermabrasion Exfoliator
- Vitamin C Glow-Protect Lotion SPF 30
- Vitamin C Skin Boost Instant Smoother
- Vitamin E Eye Cream
- Vitamin E Gentle Cleansing Face Wipes
- Vitamin E Hydrating Face Mist
- Vitamin E Moisture Cream
- Vitamin E Overnight Serum-in-oil
- Vitamin E Quench Sheet Mask
- Vitamin E Sink-in Moisture Mask
Vegan Hair Care – The Body Shop
- 100% Natural Shea Butter
- Banana Truly Nourishing Hair Mask
- Coconut Oil Brilliantly Nourishing Pre-Shampoo Hair Oil
- Ginger Scalp Care Conditioner
- Grapeseed Hair Serum
- Shea Butter Richly Replenishing Shampoo
- Strawberry Clearly Glossing Shampoo
Vegan Makeup – The Body Shop
- All-in-One™ Blush
- All-in-One Face Base
- All-In-One Instablur™ Universal
- Brow & Lash Gel
- Brow and Eyeliner Kit
- Chamomile Waterproof Eye and Lip Makeup Remover
- Drops of Glow Lustre Finish
- Fresh Nude Foundation
- Lash Sport Waterproof Mascara
- Lip and Cheek Stain
- Lip Juicers
- Liquid Eyeliner
- Loose Face Powder
- Make-Up Setting Spray
- Matte Clay Concealer
- Matte Clay Powder
- Matte Clay Skin Clarifying Foundation
- Matte Lip Butter
- Own Your Naturals Eye shadow Palettes
- Paint in Colour Eyeshadow Palette
- Shade Adjusting Drops Liquid Foundation
- Shimmer Waves
- Shine Lip Liquid
Is The Body Shop Ethical?
Based in: UK The Body Shop is a Certified B Corporation, meeting the highest verified standards of social and environmental performance, transparency and accountability. Sustainability & Environmental Initiatives: The Body Shop claims they:- Favor ingredients classified as readily biodegradable
- Strive to ensure they have a low water footprint value and low eco-toxicity
- Measure and aim to increase the levels of ingredients from natural origin, which is any ingredient that comes from plant matter formed from physical, fermentation and other low-impact processing methods
- Use of ingredients from ‘Green Chemistry’ in which those that come from environmentally friendly processes and techniques, reducing the generation of chemicals which are hazardous to the environment
- Working fairly with their farmers and suppliers and helping communities thrive through their Community Trade Program of sourcing quality ingredients and accessories from expert producers across the world and enriching economically vulnerable communities.
Eco-Friendly Makeup Brands to Use For All of Your Wedding Events
1. LUSH
LUSH may be best known for their bath bombs, but they’re also known for their eco-friendly and ethical practices. On a mission to reduce their impact on the earth, LUSH is taking several measures with their packaging. Nearly 35 percent of their products are sold “naked,” meaning package-free. The brand also uses 100 percent post-consumer plastic which can be recycled. In 2012, LUSH also made their plastic bottles 10 percent thinner. (In four years, the company saved nearly 13,500 pounds of plastic through this initiative). The brand has also phased out gift wrapping and excess packaging, offering reusable scarves made from recycled plastic and plant-based, compostable packing peanuts. Their partnership with the Ocean Legacy Foundation allows them to use recovered plastic from the ocean for their packaging as well. In addition to their sustainable packaging, the company also sources their ingredients ethically and responsibly so ecosystems are not harmed. Whether you pick up a face mask, a shampoo bar or a mascara, you’ll know that your pre-wedding purchase is ecologically responsible.2. Ethique
Ethique (French for “ethical”) is on a mission to rid the world of plastic waste. This brand makes solid bars—everything from shampoo to face wash to body wash—that are packaged in 100 percent naturally-derived and biodegradable paper packaging. The company also goes the extra mile to ensure that their paper is chlorine- and acid-free to mitigate pollution of waterways. Ethique also ships their products in biodegradable packaging so that you can compost the waste and sleep well knowing it will disappear in a matter of months (just in time for your wedding).3. NakedPoppy
NakedPoppy is a beauty company founded to provide customers with the cleanest clean beauty products possible. But in addition to their commitment to human health and animal health, NakedPoppy is passionate about the planet’s wellbeing. Minimizing their environmental impact is a top priority for the company. They make sure that their ingredients are sourced ethically and sustainably—and that they’re supporting the ecosystems they tap. Give your makeup bag a makeover by working with this company’s algorithm, which suggests products that are perfect for you.4. True Botanicals
The founder of True Botanicals started the company after her thyroid cancer diagnosis. She channeled her fear and frustration with the beauty industry into research—and a passion for creating pure, potent and proven products that are good for people and the planet. The ingredients are clean and sustainably-sourced, while the glass packaging can be easily recycled or upcycled. Get a glowing, refreshed complexion before you exchange vows with their popular skincare products.5. Cocokind
Cocokind, a natural skincare company, is also focused on sustainability as well. Most of the brand’s packages are domestically-sourced flint glass jars—meaning their carbon footprint is low, as they require less additives and they can be reused or recycled. The company also created their tubes out of sugarcane instead of plastic, use shipping materials approved by the Forestry Stewardship Council and print soy-derived ink on their products. Cocokind also strives to use less water in their product formulations to help conserve the previous natural resource. Whether you try out their new resurfacing mask (it contains a plant-based retinol alternative), their popular watermelon hemp oil or their tinted face stick, this sustainable beauty brand has everything you need to prep for your pre-wedding parties.6. Herbivore
Herbivore creates clean beauty products made with ethically-sourced ingredients. The brand also prioritizes sustainability, as they use recyclable and reusable packaging. Shop through their extensive collection of facial oils, serums, moisturizers and toners. The founders of the company believe that skincare is a perfect opportunity for self love and relaxation—making their products perfect for to-be-weds who need extra TLC.7. Ilia
Ilia, a clean cosmetics company, is dedicated to reducing the makeup industry’s impact on the planet. They use sustainable packaging options such as recycled aluminum, glass components and responsibly-sourced paper. But Ilia is also focused on what happens after a product is finished, so they’re using TerraCycle’s Zero Waste Box platform. To-be-weds who live in the U.S. can mail in five empty beauty products per month to Ilia (psst: they can be any brand) and TerraCycle will break them down responsibly so they don’t end up in a landfill. If planning your wedding is making you stressed out, this eco-friendly decluttering method might be perfect for you.8. Tata Harper
Tata Harper is an especially sustainable beauty brand, as their products come straight from their own farm to your face. But the company also strives to be as eco-conscious as possible with their packaging. Almost all of their packaging is recyclable and reusable glass, while the small amount of plastic they use is made from sugar cane. They also use soy-based ink to print on their products, use shipping materials approved by the Sustainable Forestry initiative and use 100 percent post-consumer materials whenever possible. Their luxe skincare products will turn your own bathroom into a full-blown spa.9. RMS Beauty
RMS Beauty uses natural products that are intended to heal the skin and improve its health over time. The brand is also committed to bettering the planet’s health as well with their eco-friendly practices. The brand makes a conscious effort to keep packaging as minimal as possible and uses recyclable and reusable materials for their products. Unleash your inner glow with their creamy luminizers, concealers and blushes.10. Vapour
Focused on using plant-based ingredients, Vapour offers to-be-weds clean, natural makeup. The brand has everything from foundation to eyeshadow to deodorant (yes, really). The team is also deeply committed to being as sustainable as possible, so they are actively searching for the best packaging ingredients and methods. In the meantime, they’ve created their Empties Recycling Program, where customers can mail back four or more empty containers. Why four or more? So that customers can cut down on carbon emissions from shipping and handling.11. Coola
Whether you’re having a spring, summer, fall or winter wedding, sunscreen is an absolute must. Coola, best known for their SPF, also offers clean, plant-based skincare and bodycare. They use naturally effective and sustainably-sourced ingredients that are responsibly farmed. Beyond the product formulation, the product packaging is eco-friendly too. Coola believes in composting and recycling whenever possible and is on a mission to lower their impact on the environment. This year, their tubes used 30 percent less plastic than before. Stock up on their assortment of warm weather essentials before you exchange vows.12. Hourglass
Hourglass is a beauty brand loved by celebrities like Rosie Huntington-Whiteley, Jasmine Tookes and Janelle Monae. The company produces high-end luxury products (which are mostly all vegan), but they’re also focused on sustainability. They’re helping to cut down on makeup packaging waste with products like their refillable lipstick. Once the actual lipstick is used up, customers can keep the wand and use it again.13. Beautycounter
Beautycounter is not only producing clean beauty products, they’re also fighting for political change in the beauty industry—calling for more regulation and higher standards. They’re also making an effort to be as eco-friendly as possible with their packaging. As glass is easier to recycle than plastic, they aim to use as much glass as possible and reduce any additional plastic add-ons (think: spatulas, overcaps and lid inserts). They also include directions on how to recycle all of the packaging on the container, so you don’t have to do any guess work. Pick up their best-selling foundations or highly-coveted velvet eyeshadow palettes.14. Tarte
This brand is popular among beauty editors and influencers alike. Tatre is known for their powerhouse ingredients, like Amazonian clay and their Rainforest of the Sea complex. The brand ensures that their products are sustainable—but they also make an effort to give back to the communities they tap. Tatre works with cooperatives in the rainforest to ensure that the ingredients are sustainably harvested and supports the ocean ecosystem through their partnership with the Sea Turtle Conservancy. If you’re a fan of glitter, you’ll love their selection of eyeshadows, lip glosses and highlighters.15. Sol de Janerio
Known best for their Brazilian Bum Bum Cream and signature scent, Sol de Janerio is also on a mission to be more sustainable. The brand uses eco-friendly and recyclable materials whenever possible and they select manufacturing partners who efficiently utilize resources through renewable energy, recycling and hazmat waste programs, and water filtration. They also have promising goals for 2020 (like reducing their overall plastic consumption by 25 percent, for example). Pick up any of their luxurious products and be immediately transported to your honeymoon.16. Josie Maran
Josie Maran, famous for their argan oil products, is also known as an eco-friendly makeup brand. The company is currently converting to carton packaging made of 100 percent post-consumer waste material. They’re also focused on water conversation and have saved nearly 143,000 gallons of water with their sustainable practices. Load up on skincare, body care and makeup for all of your pre-wedding events.17. Lilah b.
Lilah b. was founded with the goal of decluttering makeup routines. Their minimalist line—with its all-white packaging—is perfect for nearlyweds. But they’re also committed to decluttering in a sustainable way, which is why they started their Recycle Program. Send any unwanted beauty products (lilah b. or otherwise) and they’ll work to process and recycle the goods to make room for only what you need.18. Authentic Beauty Concept
Authentic Beauty Concept is a high-performance hair care brand. It’s registered with the Vegan Society and is free of microplastics, mineral oil, parabens, silicones and artificial colorants. The company sources their ingredients sustainably thanks to a transparent value chain. One of their main ingredients, guar (known for its conditioning properties), is cultivated by the farmers of the Sustainable Guar Initiative in India (SGI), which enhances the livelihoods of thousands of smallholder guar bean farmers.19. Each & Every
Each & Every is a vegan and cruelty-free beauty brand that makes personal care products with natural and clean ingredients. In honor of Earth Day, the company has announced it is making the switch from plastic and launching new sugarcane packaging to reduce the company’s carbon footprint. As a part of its commitment to sustainability, the brand also plans to roll out 100 percent compostable plant-based envelopes for all orders this spring as well.DAILY DISPOSABLES: BOOST COMPLIANCE, NOT WASTE
Plastic in Contact Lenses
Daily disposable lenses boast the highest rate of replacement compliance among the different soft lens replacement schedules (Dumbleton et al, 2009). As daily replacement lenses gain in popularity, both patients and practitioners may have concerns that more waste is generated by using new lenses every day. However, as far as the lenses themselves are concerned, an annual supply of daily disposable lenses (365 pairs) produced 11.36g of dehydrated plastic waste, slightly more than it would take to produce two credit cards. A commonly used 20oz water bottle has the equivalent weight of 1,586 dehydrated contact lenses (a 2.17 year supply) (Routhier et al, 2012). In addition, the amount of plastic that goes into manufacturing multipurpose solution bottles and lens cases is often overlooked. A single multipurpose solution bottle has an average weight equivalent to 2.5 years of daily replacement contact lenses (Routhier et al, 2012). Of interest, a single multipurpose solution storage case is equivalent to more than a four-year supply of daily disposables, and a peroxide case is equal to more than eight years’ worth.Recycling Rules
Contact lens cases and solution bottles may be recycled in the plastic number 5 container. Number 5 recycling is increasingly becoming more accepted by recyclers and can be recycled by some curbside programs. Materials are recycled into signal lights, battery cables, brooms, brushes, auto battery cases, ice scrapers, landscape borders, bicycle racks, rakes, bins, pallets, and trays (Howard and Abdelrahman, 2020). One contact lens company in the United States offers a recycling program for contact lens waste that can’t be recycled curbside. Patients can bring their lenses, blister packs, and foils to a participating eyecare practitioner’s office, where the materials are shipped to TerraCycle, or they can ship them from home. The contact lenses and blister packs are separated and cleaned after they are received. All brands of lenses may be recycled with this program. Hard plastic number-5-stamped contact lens containers (blister packs) can also be recycled through Preserve’s Gimme 5 Program (www.preserve.eco ). The packs must be cleaned, and the foil tops must be removed and disposed of elsewhere. The Contact Lens & Cornea Section (CLCS) of the American Optometric Association (AOA) has published guidelines for the safe disposal of used contact lenses and their packaging (AOA, 2018):- Remind patients to never flush lenses down the sink or toilet.
- Inform patients about recycling programs that are available, especially for contact lenses.
- Don’t forget that boxes, contact lens cases, and lens solution bottles are usually recyclable through standard recycling bins.